一、安裝:
?? SPB15.2 CD1~3,安裝1、2,第3為庫,不安裝
?? License安裝:
??????? 設(shè)置環(huán)境變量lm_license_file?? D:Cadencelicense.dat
??????? 修改license中SERVER yyh ANY 5280為SERVER zeng ANY 5280
二、用Design Entry CIS(Capture)設(shè)計原理圖
? 進入Design Entry CIS Studio
??? 設(shè)置操作環(huán)境OptionsPreferencses:
????? 顏色:colors/Print
????? 格子:Grid Display
????? 雜項:Miscellaneous
????? .........常取默認(rèn)值
??? 配置設(shè)計圖紙:
????? 設(shè)定模板:OptionsDesign Template:(應(yīng)用于新圖)??????
????? 設(shè)定當(dāng)前圖紙OptionsSchematic Page Properities?
? 創(chuàng)建新設(shè)計?
??? 創(chuàng)建元件及元件庫
????? FileNewLibrary(...Labrary1.OLB)?
????? DesignNew Part...(New Part Properties)
??????? Parts per 1/2/..(封裝下元件的個數(shù))
??????? Pakage Type:(只有一個元件時,不起作用)
????????? Homogeneous:復(fù)合封裝元件中(多個元件圖組成時)每個元件圖都一樣(default適用于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)邏輯)
????????? Heterogeneous:復(fù)合封裝元件(多個元件圖組成時)中使用不一樣的元件圖(較適用于大元件)
??????????? 一個封裝下多個元件圖,以View ext part(previous part)切換視圖
??????? Part Numbering:
??????????? Alphabetic/numeric
??????? Place(PIN...Rectangle)??????
????? 建立項目FileNewProject
??????? Schematic ew page (可以多張圖:
????????? 單層次電路圖間,以相同名稱的“電路端口連接器”off-page connector連接
????????? 層次式電路圖:以方塊圖(層次塊Hierarchical Block...)來代替實際電路的電路圖,以相同名稱Port的配對內(nèi)層電路,內(nèi)層電路之間可以多張,同單層連接
????? 繪制原理圖
??????? 放置元器件:Place
????????? 元件:Part(來自Libraries,先要添加庫)
????????? 電源和地(power gnd)
??????? 連接線路
????????? wire
????????? bus:與wire之間必須以支線連接,并以網(wǎng)標(biāo)(net alias)對應(yīng)(wire:D0,D1....D7;bus:D[0..7])
??????????? 數(shù)據(jù)總線和數(shù)據(jù)總線的引出線必須定義net alias
??????? 修改元件序號和元件值
????? 創(chuàng)建分級模塊(多張電路圖)
??????? 平坦式(單層次)電路:各電路之間信號連接,以相同名稱的off-page connector連接
??????? 層次式電路圖:以方塊圖(層次塊Hierarchical Block...)來代替實際電路的電路圖,以相同名稱Port的配對內(nèi)層電路,內(nèi)層電路之間可以多張,同單層連接?
????? 標(biāo)題欄處理:
??????? 一般已有標(biāo)題欄,添加:PlaceTitle Block()
??? PCB層預(yù)處理
????? 元件的屬性
??????? 編輯元件屬性
????????? 在導(dǎo)入PCB之前,必須正確填寫元件的封裝(PCB Footprint)?
??????? 參數(shù)整體賦值(框住多個元件,然后Edit Properties)
??????? 分類屬性編輯
????????? Edit PropertiesNew ColumnClass:IC(IC,IO,Discrete三類,在PCB中分類放置)
??????? 放置定義房間(Room)??????????????????
????????? Edit PropertiesNew ColumnRoom
????? 添加文本和圖像
??????? 添加文本、位圖(Place...)
????? 原理圖繪制的后續(xù)處理(切換到項目管理器窗口,選中*.DSN文件,然后進行后處理————DRC檢查、生成網(wǎng)表及元器件清單)
??????? 設(shè)計規(guī)則檢查(ToolsDesign Rules Check...)??????
????????? Design Rules Check
??????????? scope(范圍):entire(全部)/selection(所選)
??????????? Mode(模式):
????????????? occurences(事件:在同一繪圖頁內(nèi)同一實體出現(xiàn)多次的實體電路)
????????????? instance(實體:繪圖頁內(nèi)的元件符號)
??????????????? 如一復(fù)雜層次電路,某子方塊電路重復(fù)使用3次,就形成3次事件;子方塊電路內(nèi)本身的元件則是實體。
??????????? Action(動作):check design rules/delete DRC????
??????????? Report(報告):
????????????? Create DRC markers for warn(在錯誤之處放置警告標(biāo)記)
????????????? Check hierarchical port connection(層次式端口連接)
????????????? Check off-page connector connection(平坦式端口連接)
????????????? Report identical part referenves(檢查重復(fù)的元件序號)
????????????? Report invalid package (檢查無效的封裝)
????????????? Report hierarchical ports and off-page connector(列出port和off-page 連接)
????????????? Check unconnected net
????????????? Check SDT compatible
????????????? Report all net names
????????????? View output
????????? ERC Matrix
??????? 元件自動編號(ToolsAnnotate)
????????? scope:Update entire design/selection
????????? Action;
??????????? Incremental/unconfitional reference update
??????????? reset part reference to "?"
??????????? Add/delete Intersheet Reference(在分頁圖紙的端口的序號加上/刪除圖紙的編號)
????????? Combined property
????????? Reset reference numbers to begin at 1 each page
????????? Do not change the page number??????
??????? 自動更新器件或網(wǎng)絡(luò)的屬性(ToolsUpdate Properties...)
????????? scope:Update entire design/selection??
????????? Action:
??????????? use case inseneitive compares
??????????? convert the update property to uppercase
??????????? ynconditionally update the property
??????????? Do not change updated properties visibility?
?????
三、Allegro的屬性設(shè)定???????
? Allegro界面介紹:
??? Option(選項):顯示正在使用的命令。????????????????
??? Find(選?。?
????? Design Object Find Filter選項:
??????? Groups(將1個或多個元件設(shè)定為同一組群)
??????? Comps(帶有元件序號的Allegro元件)
??????? Symbols(所有電路板中的Allegro元件)
??????? Functions(一組元件中的一個元件)
??????? Nets(一條導(dǎo)線)
??????? Pins(元件的管腳)?
??????? Vias(過孔或貫穿孔)
??????? Clines(具有電氣特性的線段:導(dǎo)線到導(dǎo)線;導(dǎo)線到過孔;過孔到過孔)
??????? Lines(具有電氣特性的線段:如元件外框)
??????? Shapes(任意多邊形)
??????? Voids(任意多邊形的挖空部分)
??????? Cline Segs(在clines中一條沒有拐彎的導(dǎo)線)
??????? Other Segs(在line中一條沒有拐彎的導(dǎo)線)
??????? Figures(圖形符號)
??????? DRC errors(違反設(shè)計規(guī)則的位置及相關(guān)信息)
??????? Text(文字)
??????? Ratsnets(飛線)
??????? Rat Ts(T型飛線)
????? Find By Name選項
??????? 類型選擇:Net網(wǎng)絡(luò);Symbol符號;Devtype設(shè)備類型;Property屬性;Group分組
??????? 類別選擇:Name(在左下角填入)元件名稱;List列表;Objecttype????????????
??? Visiblity(層面顯示)
????? View欄
????? Conductors欄:針對所有走線層做開和關(guān)
????? Planes欄:針對所有電源/地層做開和關(guān)
????? Etch欄:走線
????? Pin欄:元件管腳
????? Via欄:過孔
????? Drc欄:錯誤標(biāo)示
????? All欄:所有層面和標(biāo)示?
? 定制Allegro環(huán)境
??? 文件類型:
????? .brd(普通的電路板文件)
????? .dra(Symbols或Pad的可編輯保存文件)
????? .pad(Padstack文件,在做symbol時可以直接調(diào)用)
????? .psm(Library文件,保存一般元件)
????? .osm(Library文件,保存由圖框及圖文件說明組成的元件)
????? .bsm(Library文件,保存由板外框及螺絲孔組成的元件)???
????? .fsm(Library文件,保存特殊圖形元件,僅用于建立Padstack的Thermal Relief)
????? .ssm(Library文件,保存特殊外形元件,僅用于建立特殊外形的Padstack)
????? .mdd(Library文件,保存module definition)
????? .tap(輸出的包含NC drill數(shù)據(jù)的文件)
????? .scr(Script和macro文件)
????? .art(輸出底片文件)
????? .log(輸出的一些臨時信息文件)
????? .color(view層面切換文件)
????? .jrl(記錄操作Allegro的事件的文件)
??? 設(shè)定Drawing Size(setupDrawing size....)
??? 設(shè)定Drawing Options(setupDrawing option....)
????? status:on-line DRC(隨時執(zhí)行DRC)
??????? Default symbol height???
????? Display:
??????? Enhanced Display Mode:
????????? Display drill holes:顯示鉆孔的實際大小
????????? Filled pads:將via 和pin由中空改為填滿
????????? Cline endcaps:導(dǎo)線拐彎處的平滑
????????? Thermal pads:顯示Negative Layer的pin/via的散熱十字孔
??? 設(shè)定Text Size(setupText Size....)??
??? 設(shè)定格子(setup grids...)
????? Grids on:顯示格子
????? Non-Etch:非走線層
????? All Etch:走線層??
????? Top:頂層
????? Bottom:底層
??? 設(shè)定Subclasses選項(setupsubclasses...)
????? 添加刪除 Layer
??????? New Subclass..
??? 設(shè)定B/Bvia(setupViasDefine B/Bvia...)?????
? 設(shè)定工具欄
??? 同其他工具,????
? 元件的基本操作????
??? 元件的移動:(EditMoveOptions...)
????? Ripup etch:移動時顯示飛線
????? Stretch etch:移動時不顯示飛線
??? 元件的旋轉(zhuǎn):(EditSpinFindSymbol)
??? 元件的刪除:(EditDelete)
? 信號線的基本操作:
??? 更改信號線的寬度(EditChangeFindClines)optionlinewidth???
??? 刪除信號線(EditDelete)
??? 改變信號線的拐角(EditVertex)
??? 刪除信號線的拐角(EditDelete Vertex)?
? 顯示詳細信息:
? 編輯窗口控制菜:
? 常用元件屬性(Hard_Location/Fixed)
? 常用信號線的屬性
??? 一般屬性:
????? NO_RAT;去掉飛線
??? 長度屬性:propagation_delay
??? 等長屬性:relative_propagation+delay
??? 差分對屬性:differential pair
? 設(shè)定元件屬性(EditProperities)?
??? 元件加入Fixed屬性:(EditProperitiesfindcomps..)???
??? 設(shè)置(刪除)信號線:Min_Line_width:(EditProperitiesfind ets)?
??? 設(shè)定差分對屬性:setupElectrical constraint spread sheetNet outingdifferential pair
四、高速PCB設(shè)計知識(略)
五、建立元件庫:?
通孔焊盤的設(shè)計:
? 1、定義:類型Through,中間層(fixed),鉆孔Drill/slot(圓形,內(nèi)壁鍍錫plated,尺寸)
? 2、層的定義:BEGIN Layer(Top)層:REGULAR-PAD < THERMAL-PAD = ANTI-PAD?
??????? END LAYER(同BEGIN,常用copy begin layer, then paste it)?
??????? TOP SOLDERMASK:只定義REGULAR-PAD ,大于(Begin layer層regular-pad,約為1.1~1.2倍)
??????? BOTTOM SOLDERMASK(同Top soldermask,常用Top soldermask, then paste it)
?????? 例1 //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------?????
?????????? Padstack Name: PAD62SQ32D
???????????
?????????? *Type:? Through
?????????? *Internal pads: Fixed
?????????? *Units:? MILS
?????????? Decimal places: 4
???????????
?????????? Layer Name? Geometry? Width Height? Offset (X/Y) Flash Name Shape Name
?????????? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?????????? *BEGIN LAYER
????????????? *REGULAR-PAD?? Square?? 62.0000 62.0000?? 0.0000/0.0000??
????????????? *THERMAL-PAD?? Circle?? 90.0000 90.0000?? 0.0000/0.0000??
????????????? *ANTI-PAD????? Circle?? 90.0000 90.0000?? 0.0000/0.0000??
?????????? *END LAYER(同BEGIN,常用copy paste)?
????????????? DEFAULT INTERNAL(Not Defined )
?????????? *TOP SOLDERMASK
????????????? *REGULAR-PAD?? Square?? *75.0000 75.0000?? 0.0000/0.0000??
?????????? *BOTTOM SOLDER MASK
????????????? *REGULAR-PAD?? Square?? *75.0000 75.0000?? 0.0000/0.0000??
????????????? TOP PASTEMASK(Not Defined )
????????????? BOTTOM PASTEMASK(Not Defined )
????????????? TOP FILMMASK(Not Defined )?
????????????? BOTTOM FILMMASK(Not Defined )??
????????????? NCDRILL
??????????????? 32.0000? Circle-Drill? Plated? Tolerance: +0.0000/-0.0000? Offset: 0.0000/0.0000
????????????? DRILL SYMBOL
??????????????? Square? 10.0000 10.0000
?????????? ----------------------------------------------
表貼焊盤的設(shè)計:
? 1、定義,類型single,中間層(option),鉆孔(圓形,內(nèi)壁鍍錫plated,尺寸一定為0)
? 2、層的定義:BEGIN Layer(Top)層:只定義REGULAR-PAD?
??????? TOP SOLDERMASK:只定義REGULAR-PAD ,大于(Begin layer層regular-pad,約為1.1~1.2倍)
??????? 例2?? ------------------------------------------------
?????????? Padstack Name: SMD86REC330
?????????? *Type:? Single
?????????? *Internal pads: Optional
?????????? *Units:? MILS
?????????? Decimal places: 0
?????????? Layer Name? Geometry? Width Height? Offset (X/Y) Flash Name Shape Name
?????????? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
?????????? *BEGIN LAYER
??????????? *REGULAR-PAD?? Rectangle? 86 330?? 0/0??
????????????? THERMAL-PAD?? Not Defined???????
????????????? ANTI-PAD????? Not Defined???????
???????????
????????????? END LAYER(Not Defined )
????????????? DEFAULT INTERNAL(Not Defined )
?????????? *TOP SOLDERMASK
????????????? *REGULAR-PAD?? Rectangle? 100 360?? 0/0??
????????????? BOTTOM SOLDERMASK(Not Defined )?
????????????? TOP PASTEMASK(Not Defined )??
????????????? BOTTOM PASTEMASK(Not Defined )
????????????? TOP FILMMASK(Not Defined )
????????????? BOTTOM FILMMASK(Not Defined )
????????????? NCDRILL(Not Defined )
????????????? DRILL SYMBOL
?????????????????? Not Defined? 0 0???????????
?????????? ------------------------------------------??
手工建立元件(主要包含四項:PIN;Geometry:SilkScreen/Assembly;Areas:Boundary/Height;RefDes:SilkScreen/Display)
? 注意:元件應(yīng)放置在坐標(biāo)中心位置,即(0,0)
? 1、File ew..package symbol
? 2、設(shè)定繪圖區(qū)域:SetupDrawing size...Drawing parameter...
? 3、添加pin:選擇padstack? ,放置,右排時改變text offset(缺省為-100,改為100)置右邊?????????
? 4、添加元件外形:(Geometery)
???? *絲印層Silkscreen:AddLine(OptionActive:package geometery;subclass:silkscreen_top)?????????
???? *裝配外框Assembly:AddLine(OptionActive:package geometery;subclass:Assembly_top)???????
? 5、添加元件范圍和高度:(Areas)
???? *元件范圍Boundary:SetupAreaspackage boundary....Add Line(OptionActive Class:Package geometry;subclass:Package_bound_top)
???? *元件高度Height:SetupAreaspackage Height....Add Line(OptionActive Class:Package geometry;subclass:Package_bound_top)?????
? 6、添加封裝標(biāo)志:(RefDes)LayoutLabelsResDs...)
???? *底片用封裝序號(ResDes For Artwork):Pin1附近(...RefDes:Silkscreen_Top)?????????
???? *擺放用封裝序號(ResDes For Placement):封裝中心附近(...RefDes:Display_Top)??
???? *封裝中心點(Body center):指定封裝中心位置(AddTextPackage Geometery:Boby_centre)?
? 7、建立Symbol文件:FileCreate Symbol??
利用向?qū)Ы?/P>
五、建立電路板
1、建立Mechanical Symbol(FileNew...mechanical symbol)
? 繪制外框(outline):OptionsBoard geometry:outline
? 添加定位孔:Optionspadstack
? 傾斜拐角:(dimensionchamfer)
? 尺寸標(biāo)注:ManfactureDimension/DraftParameters...
? 設(shè)定走線區(qū)域:shapepolygon...option oute keepin:all
? 設(shè)置擺放元件區(qū)域:Editz-copy shape...optionspackage keepin:all;size:50.00;offset:xx
? 設(shè)置不可擺放元件區(qū)域:setupareaspackage keepout....optionspackage keepout:top
? 設(shè)定不可走線區(qū)域:setupareas oute keepout....options oute keepout:top
? 保存(Filesave:xx.dra)
六、建立電路板(FileNew...oard)
1、建立文件
? 放置外框Mechanical symbols和PCB標(biāo)志文件Fomat symbols:PlaceManually...placement listMechanical symbols。
? 放置定位孔元件:PlaceManually...placement listMechanical symbols。(同前一種效果)
? 放置光學(xué)定位元件
? 設(shè)置工作grid
? 設(shè)定擺放區(qū)間(AddRectangle:?? optionsBoard Geometry;Top Room
? 設(shè)定預(yù)設(shè)DRC值:SetupConstraints...
? 設(shè)定預(yù)設(shè)貫穿孔(via)
? 增加走線內(nèi)層:setupsubclass...?
??? DRC as photo Film Type:Positive正片形式,對應(yīng)Layer type為Conductor;negative:負(fù)片對應(yīng)Layer type為Plane
2、保存電路板文件
3、讀入Netlist:FileImportLogic...?????????
七、設(shè)置約束規(guī)則
1、Allegro中設(shè)置約束規(guī)則(SetupConstraints..)Spacing Rules和 Physical Rules
2、設(shè)置默認(rèn)規(guī)范...setconstraintsset standard value
3、設(shè)置和賦值高級間距規(guī)范 :
? 設(shè)定間距規(guī)范值:set value
? 設(shè)定間距的Type屬性:EditProperties ets....D6/8,同組間距為6;與其他信號線間距為8mil
? 添加規(guī)范值set valueadd...???
4、設(shè)置和賦值高級物理規(guī)范 :(基本同上)
? 設(shè)定物理規(guī)范值:
5、建立設(shè)計規(guī)范的檢查(setup constraits... )
八、布局
1、手動擺放元件:Placemanually......
? 查看元件屬性:DisplayElemant;;FindComps;單擊要查看屬性的元件
2、自動擺放元件:PlaceQuick Place......??
3、隨機擺放:EditMove...
4、自動布局:Place auto Place
? 網(wǎng)格:Top Grid..
? 設(shè)置元件進行自動布局的屬性:EditProperties Find ..more..
5、設(shè)定Room:
? 設(shè)定Room:add ectangle;optionsoard geometry op room??
? 給Room定義名字;Add ext;optionsoard geometry op room
? 定義該Room所限制的特性和定義某些元件必須放置在該Room中:
??? 定義Room所限制的特性:EditProperties;選中Room;Edit properties;Room_type=hard(指定room的元件必須放Room中)
??? 定義放入Room中的元件:Editproperties;Finf...more...Room=...
6、擺放調(diào)整(Move、Mirror、Spin)????
7、交換(swap)(配合原理圖使用,比較少用)??
8、未擺放元件報表(ToolReport...)
9、已擺放元件報表(ToolReport...)???????
九、原理圖與Allegro交互參考
1、原理圖交互參考的設(shè)置方法
? Capture中元件屬性PCB FootPrint輸入Allegro可識別的元件封裝;
2、Capture與Allegro的交互
? Capture:ToolsCreate netlist....
? AllegrplaceManually;
? Capture:OptionPreferences...MiscellaueousEnable Intertool communication
? Capture和Allegro的交互操作:
??? Allegro:DisplayHighLight;對應(yīng)Capture中元件高亮
??? Capture:選中元件右鍵Allegro select;對應(yīng)Allegro選中其封裝;
??? Capture修改原理圖:**.dsnCreate Netlist...Create or Update Allegro BoardInput Board;Output Board
10、建立電源與接地層??
添加層:SetupSubclass...EtchLayout Cross section(...)
??? Top/Bottom;CopperConductorTop/BottonPositive
??? FR-4:Dielectric
??? VCC/GND:CopperPlaneVCC/GNDNegative
鋪設(shè)VCC層面:AddLine;OptionsetchVcc ;shapecompose shapevcc plane;單擊外框,系統(tǒng)自動添加VCC平面
??? 也可以使用Shape add rectangle;注意指定net;以替換 dummy net?
鋪設(shè)GND層面:????????
?? 電源層分割的問題:使用Shape Void rectangle隔開plane 然后在這里添加另一電源層平面,注意指定net;以替換 dummy net.
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