如何讓ChatGPT實(shí)現(xiàn)MIMO波束賦形和寫一封會議邀請信？

在前一篇科普文ChatGPT在電磁領(lǐng)域的能力到底有多強(qiáng)？中，我們介紹了ChatGPT的強(qiáng)大功能。但很多朋友在使用ChatGPT過程中，并沒有掌握技巧，因此無法得到期望的回答。

與ChatGPT的對話過程中，必須寫出便于理解、消除歧義的Prompts（提示，即你的指令或問題），它才可以理解你的意思，做出正確的應(yīng)答。下面我們用兩個(gè)例子，向大家展示好的Prompts會讓它變得有多強(qiáng)。在實(shí)戰(zhàn)之前要說明幾點(diǎn)：

Q

向ChatGPT一次最多發(fā)多少字符

4096字符。記住要清晰、簡單，太多的字符反而未必得到正確的或期望的答案。

Q

重復(fù)問ChatGPT一樣的問題會得到完全一樣的答案嗎？

不會。它每次的回答內(nèi)容都不一樣，即使讓它翻譯同樣一段話。

Q

ChatGPT能扮演什么角色？

幾乎所有。你可以讓它 Act as MATLAB, Python, C, Excel, Translator, Lawyer等等。

Q

ChatGPT給出的知識都對嗎？

不一定。很多它并不了解的知識，ChatGPT會拼湊出看似合理的答案，對初學(xué)者要引起充分的警惕。比如我問它某個(gè)西北菜怎么烹飪，它回答的頭頭是道、步驟清晰、邏輯性好，但做的方法并不對。

Q

ChatGPT具有產(chǎn)生新知識的能力嗎？

它具有一定的集成創(chuàng)新能力。雖然ChatGPT只學(xué)了2021年之前的知識，但它的總結(jié)、聯(lián)想能力很強(qiáng)。我們曾問它如何制作一支鉛筆？能否給出一個(gè)之前沒有的、創(chuàng)新的方法制作鉛筆？它的回答涉及3D打印，盡管實(shí)際工業(yè)中可能并不可行，但該方法確實(shí)之前沒有過。

Q

目前ChatGPT不具有哪些能力？

實(shí)時(shí)訪問互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或發(fā)電子郵件、完成復(fù)雜的科學(xué)計(jì)算（與編譯器融合）等。

接下來就開始展示兩個(gè)具有代表性的例子。

第1個(gè)例子，5G通訊的殺手锏：MIMO多天線的波束賦形算法。在一個(gè)好的Prompts下，MATLAB代碼幾乎不需修改，就能運(yùn)行給出正確結(jié)果。圖我也貼出來了?；蛟S此時(shí)你會想起星爺?shù)囊痪湓挘后@不驚喜，意不意外，開不開心？

Please write a MATLAB program about beam forming of the 1D antenna array line up along the x axis. Consider 10 antenna elements with uniform spacing of 0.5. The wavelength is 1. The radiation angle is from 0 to 180 degrees, where the x axis is related to 0 degree. Please use the following steps to write the program:

1.Establish a steering matrix A with the size of 181x10, which gives the array factors of all antenna elements covering all radiation angles. 181 is the number of matrix lines or radiation angles. 10 is the number of matrix columns or antenna elements.

2.Establish a radiation vector b with the size of 181x1. The elements are all zeros except for the 31th and 61th elements, which means the array radiates wave along both 30 and 60 degrees.

3.Get the complex excitation amplitude of each antenna element y by using y=A with the least square method.

4.Calculate the radiation pattern of the array by using the excitation amplitude y and the steering matrix A, i.e. res=A*y.

5.Please draw the radiation pattern with polar coordinates.

% Define the number of elements and spacing

N = 10;

d = 0.5;

% Define the number of angles and wavelength

angles = 181;

lambda = 1;

% Compute the steering matrix A

A = zeros(angles, N);

for i = 1:angles

for j = 1:N

A(i,j) = exp(-1j*2*pi*(j-1)*d*sin(pi*(i-1)/180)/lambda);

end

end

% Define the radiation vector b

b = zeros(angles, 1);

b(31) = 1;

b(61) = 1;

% Compute the excitation amplitude y

y = A;

% Compute the radiation pattern res

res = A*y;

% Plot the radiation pattern in polar coordinates

polarplot(linspace(0, pi, angles), abs(res));

第2個(gè)例子，是學(xué)者們常常遇到的問題：如何快速、高質(zhì)量地寫一封正式邀請信，讓大牛們加入某個(gè)國際會議的TPC，成為TPC Member。下面就是我們給出的一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的Prompts，看看ChatGPT如何響應(yīng)呢？大家也可以測試下，貼進(jìn)去這個(gè)Prompts，會得到內(nèi)容不一樣卻同樣驚艷的邀請信。ChatGPT生成的內(nèi)容還加入了很多我沒有給的要素（我用下劃線標(biāo)出來了），真的太貼心！

我想寫一封英文的邀請信，以浙江大學(xué)的名義，邀請某位教授或博士加入國際學(xué)術(shù)會議的TPC Member。請盡量寫的禮貌、專業(yè)，邀請信的內(nèi)容需要包含如下信息：

1. 會議名稱：2023 International AI Symposium (AIS 2023)

2.召開時(shí)間: August 1-3, 2023

3.主辦單位: Zhejiang University

4.會議地點(diǎn): Deefly Zhejiang Hotel with the Address: No. 147 Santaishan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

5. 會議影響：AIS是人工智能領(lǐng)域的著名國際會議，每年在中國召開一次

6. 會議內(nèi)容：大會報(bào)告、邀請報(bào)告、短課程、special sessions、workshops、學(xué)生競賽等。

7. TPC Member責(zé)任：review conference papers and organize sessions

8.請?jiān)?023年3月1日之前回復(fù)是不是愿意接收邀請

Dear [Professor/Dr.],

I hope this email finds you well. On behalf of Zhejiang University, I am writing to extend a formal invitation for you to join the Technical Program Committee (TPC) Member for the 2023 International AI Symposium (AIS 2023).

The AIS 2023 will be held from August 1st to 3rd, 2023, at the Deefly Zhejiang Hotel located at No. 147 Santaishan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. As one of the most well-known international conferences in the field of artificial intelligence, AIS 2023 is held annually in China andprovides a platform for researchers and scholars to exchange and share their latest findings and ideas.

As a TPC Member, you will play a vital role in reviewing conference papers and organizing sessions,helping to ensure the highest quality of presentations and discussions. The conference will feature keynote speeches, invited talks, short courses, special sessions, workshops, and student competitions,offering a wide range of opportunities for participants to deepen their knowledge and engage in meaningful discussions.

We would be honored to have you join us as a TPC Member for this exciting event. Please let us know by March 1st, 2023, if you are willing to accept this invitation.

Thank you for your time and consideration. We look forward to your response.

Best regards,

[Your Name]

On behalf of Zhejiang University

看完這兩個(gè)例子后，你是不是對如何與它交流更有信心了？記住你可以和它多次交流，不斷提出你的要求，它也就不斷改進(jìn)，在你沒有登出系統(tǒng)前甚至記住你的偏好。未來ChatGPT會與搜索引擎、云計(jì)算、Office等應(yīng)用軟件融合，未來的世界會變得如何呢？就讓我們拭目以待吧！

審核編輯 ：李倩