當(dāng)pod處于crash狀態(tài)的時候,容器不斷重啟,此時用kubelet logs可能出現(xiàn)一直捕捉不到日志。解決方法:
kubectl previous參數(shù)作用:If true, print the logs for the previous instance of the container in a pod if it exists.
單容器pod:
kubectllogspod-name--previous
多容器pod:
kubectllogspod-name--previous-ccontainer-name
比如:
NAMEREADYSTATUSRESTARTSAGE nginx-7d8b49557c-c2lx92/2Running5 kubectllogsnginx-7d8b49557c-c2lx9--previous Error:xxxxxxxxxxx
kubelet會保持pod的前幾個失敗的容器,這個是查看的前提條件。kubelet實現(xiàn)previous的原理:將pod的日志存放在/var/log/pods/podname,并且是鏈接文件,鏈接到docker的容器的日志文件,同時kubelet還會保留上一個容器,同時有一個鏈接文件鏈接到pod上一個崩潰的容器的日志文件,使用previous就是查看的這個文件
比如查看一個pod:
ubuntu@~$kubeletgetpod NAMEREADYSTATUSRESTARTSAGE busybox1/1Running239499d nginx-deployment-6wlhd1/1Running079d redis1/1Running049d
到pod所在node查看kubelet放的兩個日志文件:
ls/var/log/pods/default_busybox_f72ab71a-5b3b-4ecf-940d-28a5c3b30683/busybox 2393.log2394.log
數(shù)字的含義:2393證明是第 2393 次重啟后的日志,2394代表是第2394次重啟后的日志。
實際這兩個日志文件是鏈接文件,指向了docker的日志文件:
/busybox#stat2393.log File:2393.log->/data/kubernetes/docker/containers/68a5b32c9fdb1ad011b32e6252f9cdb759f69d7850e6b7b8591cb4c2bf00bcca/68a5b32c9fdb1ad011b32e6252f9cdb759f69d7850e6b7b8591cb4c2bf00bcca-json.log Size:173Blocks:8IOBlock:4096symboliclink Device:fc02h/64514dInode:529958Links:1 Access:(0777/lrwxrwxrwx)Uid:(0/root)Gid:(0/root) Access:2023-01-311303.751514283+0800 Modify:2023-01-311303.039526838+0800 Change:2023-01-311303.039526838+0800 Birth:- /busybox#stat2394.log File:2394.log->/data/kubernetes/docker/containers/2ed9ebf0585215602874b076783e12191dbb010116038b8eb4646273ebfe195c/2ed9ebf0585215602874b076783e12191dbb010116038b8eb4646273ebfe195c-json.log Size:173Blocks:8IOBlock:4096symboliclink Device:fc02h/64514dInode:529955Links:1 Access:(0777/lrwxrwxrwx)Uid:(0/root)Gid:(0/root) Access:2023-01-311403.991106950+0800 Modify:2023-01-311403.183119308+0800 Change:2023-01-311403.183119308+0800 Birth:-
看到分別指向了這兩個容器的日志文件,一個是當(dāng)前pod里在跑的容器,一個是pod上次跑的容器,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)退出了
dockerps-a CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 2ed9ebf05852ff4a8eb070e1"sleep3600"24minutesagoUp24minutesk8s_busybox_busybox_default_f72ab71a-5b3b-4ecf-940d-28a5c3b30683_2394 68a5b32c9fdbff4a8eb070e1"sleep3600"AboutanhouragoExited(0)24minutesagok8s_busybox_busybox_default_f72ab71a-5b3b-4ecf-940d-28a5c3b30683_2393
使用logs的時候讀的是當(dāng)前容器那個文件,使用–previous的時候,讀的是上次退出的容器的日志文件,由于kubelet為pod保留了上次退出的容器。
我們手動編輯這兩個文件的內(nèi)容,看kubelet是否讀的是這兩個文件
/busybox#cat2393.log {"log":"lastcrashlogs ","stream":"stderr","time":"2022-11-05T0827.31523845Z"} /busybox#cat2394.log {"log":"nowpodlog ","stream":"stderr","time":"2022-11-05T0827.31523845Z"} ubuntu@10-234-32-51:~$klogsbusybox--previous lastcrashlogs ubuntu@10-234-32-51:~$klogsbusybox nowpodlog
由于是鏈接文件,那么可能實際是從別的地方讀的,或者說直接讀容器目錄下的,由于鏈接文件我們改了后容器目錄下的日志文件也跟著改了,我們直接創(chuàng)建兩個文件來做驗證:
ubuntu@10-234-32-51:~$kgetpod NAMEREADYSTATUSRESTARTSAGE busybox1/1Running239599d nginx-deployment-6wlhd1/1Running079d redis1/1Running049d /busybox#ls 2394.log2395.log /busybox#rm2394.log2395.log 我們刪除,然后自己創(chuàng)建,這時是regular file,而不是鏈接文件了: /busybox#ls 2394.log2395.log /busybox#stat2394.log File:2394.log Size:100Blocks:8IOBlock:4096regularfile Device:fc02h/64514dInode:529965Links:1 Access:(0640/-rw-r-----)Uid:(0/root)Gid:(0/root) Access:2023-01-311511.307170422+0800 Modify:2023-01-311507.711225229+0800 Change:2023-01-311507.711225229+0800 Birth:- /busybox#stat2395.log File:2395.log Size:86Blocks:8IOBlock:4096regularfile Device:fc02h/64514dInode:529967Links:1 Access:(0640/-rw-r-----)Uid:(0/root)Gid:(0/root) Access:2023-01-311517.539989934+0800 Modify:2023-01-311514.348038586+0800 Change:2023-01-311514.352038525+0800 Birth:- /busybox#cat2394.log {"log":"previouslogscreatebymyself ","stream":"stderr","time":"2022-11-05T0827.31523845Z"} /busybox#cat2395.log {"log":"createbymyself ","stream":"stderr","time":"2022-11-05T0827.31523845Z"} ubuntu@10-234-32-51:~$klogsbusybox createbymyself ubuntu@10-234-32-51:~$klogsbusybox--previous previouslogscreatebymyself
得出結(jié)論:kubelet讀的是/var/log/pods/下的日志文件,–previous讀的也是/var/log/pods/下的日志文件,且專門有個鏈接文件來指向上一個退出容器的日志文件,以此來獲取容器崩潰前的日志。
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原文標(biāo)題:如何快速查看 Kubernetes Pod 崩潰前的日志
文章出處:【微信號:magedu-Linux,微信公眾號:馬哥Linux運維】歡迎添加關(guān)注!文章轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處。
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