特溫特大學(xué)的學(xué)生組建了多材料型3D打印機(jī)

There are basically two ways to go about making multi-material objects with photopolymer resin-based 3D printing processes. One is based on material science？and uses inkjet 3D printing technologies， such as Stratasys’ Polyjet and 3D Systems’ MJM， to release and instantly cure different materials in the same print job.？ Another is mechanical， which is what 3D Systems’ presented around this time last year.

This latest approach is similar to the one implemented by Reinout Holtrop， a student from the University of Twente， for his Final Bachelor Assignment in Industrial Design， to design， develop and build the first DLP-based multi-material 3D printer， which he named XZEED. Ultimately， the basic concept behind the machine is relatively simple： using five alternating petri dishes in borosilicate glass with a PDMS layer， on a moving vat carrier.

This is the key component in the XZEED machine. It is made up of two shafts with bearings which support a movable array with the round vats. Light is projected with a beamer via a mirror on the bottom of the vat. The build platform is then moved vertically by the z-spindle， while the the x-spindle moves the array to change the vat.

Holtrop studied several 3D printers before developing his own design， including， of course， the industry leading Perfactory series by EnvisionTEC and CLIP technology by Carbon3D. He based his own project on a manual of how to design a normal DLP printer published by Tristram Budel in 2013， which is based on a Ramps 1.4 motherboard placed on top of an Arduino Mega 2560. This？simplified building and setting up the firmware.

The beamer that he used for this project is a Benq PB7230 DLP beamer. It works at the XGA resolution （1024×768） and was modified to be able to have a shorter throw. Perhaps the most amazing aspect is that almost all of the other components， which give the machine a highly professional and solid appearance， were manufactured with readily available in-house rapid prototyping tools. Using CNC mills， laser cutters and 3D printers， enabled Holtrop to work with PMMA plastics for the hood， as well as metal and MDF parts.

Apparently the project is still in its infancy， as Holtrop has stated several further areas of research， including experimenting with resin thickness， the light source （using LED’s instead of a projector）， and improving the stability of the vats by building them using a more flexible material. For sure， this is a project that will draw quite a bit of attention from the industry and it will be very interesting to find out how and when it will grow into a commercial product.

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特溫特大學(xué)的學(xué)生組建了多材料型3D打印機(jī)

基本上有兩種方式來制造基于光聚合物樹脂的3D打印過程的多材料對(duì)象。一是以材料科學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的？使用噴墨3D打印技術(shù)，如Stalasy' Pyj射流和3D系統(tǒng)的MJM，在同一打印作業(yè)中釋放和即時(shí)固化不同的材料。另一種是機(jī)械式的，這就是3D系統(tǒng)在去年這個(gè)時(shí)候提出的。

這個(gè)最新的方法類似于通過Reinout Holtrop，從特文特大學(xué)，為他最后的學(xué)士學(xué)位分配在工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生，實(shí)行設(shè)計(jì)，開發(fā)和建設(shè)的第一個(gè)基于DLP的多材料的3D打印機(jī)，這是他命名為一XZEED。最終，在機(jī)器后面的基本概念是相對(duì)簡單：使用五個(gè)交替在硼硅玻璃培養(yǎng)皿用PDMS層，一個(gè)活動(dòng)大桶載體上。

這是在XZEED機(jī)的關(guān)鍵部件。它是由兩軸與支持一個(gè)可動(dòng)陣列與輪大桶軸承。光被投射以經(jīng)由在缸的底部反射鏡一個(gè)投影儀。構(gòu)建平臺(tái)然后垂直移動(dòng)由與z主軸，而在x-主軸移動(dòng)陣列，以改變大桶。

Holtrop發(fā)展自己的設(shè)計(jì)，包括，當(dāng)然，業(yè)界領(lǐng)先的Perfactory一系列EnvisionTEC和CLIP技術(shù)，通過Carbon3D研究過不少3D打印機(jī)。他根據(jù)他自己的項(xiàng)目上如何設(shè)計(jì)由崔斯特瑞姆布德爾在2013年出版了一本普通的DLP打印機(jī)，它是基于一個(gè)斜坡1.4主板放置在一個(gè)Arduino兆2560這上面？簡化的建設(shè)和設(shè)立固件手工。

他用這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的投影儀是明基PB7230 DLP投影儀。它工作在XGA分辨率（1024×768），并進(jìn)行了修改，能夠有一個(gè)更短的投射。也許最令人驚訝的方面是，幾乎所有的其他組件，從而使該機(jī)器高度專業(yè)和堅(jiān)實(shí)的外觀，被制造使用現(xiàn)成的內(nèi)部快速原型開發(fā)工具。采用數(shù)控銑床，激光切割機(jī)和3D打印機(jī)，使Holtrop用PMMA塑料引擎蓋，以及金屬和中纖板的部分工作。

顯然，該項(xiàng)目仍處于起步階段，作為Holtrop曾表示研究一些其他領(lǐng)域，包括與樹脂厚度，光源實(shí)驗(yàn)（采用LED的，而不是一臺(tái)投影儀），以及用更建立他們提高了大桶的穩(wěn)定性柔性材料。可以肯定，這是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目將吸引相當(dāng)多的注意力從行業(yè)，這將是非常有趣的，以了解如何以及何時(shí)會(huì)成長為一個(gè)商業(yè)產(chǎn)品。