采用GtkBuilder設(shè)計(jì)Gtk+界面

Gtk+使用glade進(jìn)行界面設(shè)計(jì)能有效地加快項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度和提高程序的可維護(hù)性。
自從gtk2.12，Gtk+已經(jīng)內(nèi)建了GtkBuilder，用以代替使用glade編寫的程序所依賴的libglade庫(kù)文件。
下面介紹如何使用GtkBuilder寫一個(gè)最基本的界面。

1. 使用glade設(shè)計(jì)Gtk+界面,保存為glade文件
$ ls
fsf.glade? stallman.jpg
$

2. 用gtk-builder-convert腳本(gtk+2.0默認(rèn)安裝該腳本)將glade代碼轉(zhuǎn)換成支持GtkBuilder的代碼
$ gtk-builder-convert fsf.glade fsf.ui
Wrote fsf.ui
$ ls
fsf.glade? fsf.ui? stallman.jpg
$ cat fsf.ui



?
???
?????
??????? True
???????
?????????
??????????? True
??????????? stallman.jpg
?????????
???????
???????
?????????
??????????? True
??????????? Richard Stallman
?????????
?????????
??????????? 1
?????????
???????
?????
???
?

$

3. 編寫程序，調(diào)用GtkBuilder
$ ls
fsf.c? fsf.glade? fsf.ui? Makefile? stallman.jpg
$ cat Makefile
all:
??? gcc `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` fsf.c

clean:
??? rm -f *~ a.out
$ cat fsf.c
#include

static void window_close(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{
? gtk_main_quit();
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
? GtkBuilder *builder;
? GError *error;
? GtkWidget *window;
? gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
? builder=gtk_builder_new();
? gtk_builder_add_from_file(builder,"fsf.ui",&error);
? window=GTK_WIDGET(gtk_builder_get_object(builder,"window1"));
? g_object_unref(G_OBJECT(builder));
? g_signal_connect(window,"destroy",G_CALLBACK(window_close),NULL);
? gtk_widget_show_all(window);
? gtk_main();
? return 0;
}
$


4. 編譯出可執(zhí)行程序，運(yùn)行
$ make
gcc `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` fsf.c
$ ./a.out
效果如下圖:
?

題外話:
我是在閱讀cheese的源代碼中發(fā)現(xiàn)gtkbuilder的，然后又發(fā)現(xiàn)了個(gè)東西
"pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0"這一句是怎么得到的？
$ ls /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+-2.0.pc
/usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+-2.0.pc
$ cat /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gtk+-2.0.pc
prefix=/usr
exec_prefix=${prefix}
libdir=/usr/lib
includedir=${prefix}/include
target=x11

gtk_binary_version=2.10.0
gtk_host=i486-pc-linux-gnu

Name: GTK+
Deｓｃｒｉｐｔion: GIMP Tool Kit (${target} target)
Version: 2.12.12
Requires: gdk-${target}-2.0 atk cairo
Libs: -L${libdir} -lgtk-${target}-2.0
Cflags: -I${includedir}/gtk-2.0
$
呵呵，這下明白了吧
比如說編譯調(diào)用了gstreamer庫(kù)的程序，就可以使用
pkg-config --cflags --libs gstreamer-0.10
pkgconfig的默認(rèn)目錄/usr/lib/pkgconfig下有g(shù)streamer-0.10.pc這一數(shù)據(jù)文件
$ ls /usr/lib/pkgconfig/gstreamer-0.10.pc
/usr/lib/pkgconfig/gstreamer-0.10.pc
$

Happy Hacking : )

相關(guān)資源:
1. GTK+ programs with GtkBuilder and dynamic signal handlers. | All My Brain
http://allmybrain.com/2008/05/22/gtk-programs-with-gtkbuilder-and-dynamic-signal-handlers/

2. GTK+ Reference Manual -- GtkBuilder
file:///usr/share/doc/libgtk2.0-doc/gtk/GtkBuilder.html

3. GTK+ Reference Manual -- Index
file:///usr/share/doc/libgtk2.0-doc/gtk/ix01.html

注: 2和3的資源，在Debian下運(yùn)行"sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-doc"即可獲取

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