linux安全基線如何配置

現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)企業(yè)都是使用linux作為服務(wù)器，不僅是linux是開源系統(tǒng)，更是因?yàn)閘inux比windows更安全。但是由于管理員的安全意識(shí)不全或者疏忽，導(dǎo)致linux的敏感端口和服務(wù)沒有正確的配置，可能會(huì)被惡意利用，所以需要進(jìn)行基線加固。

1.基線 即安全基線配置，諸如操作系統(tǒng)、中間件和數(shù)據(jù)庫的一個(gè)整體配置，這個(gè)版本中各項(xiàng)配置都符合安全方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。比如在系統(tǒng)安裝后需要按安全基線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，將新機(jī)器中各項(xiàng)配置調(diào)整到一個(gè)安全、高效、合理的數(shù)值。

2.基線掃描 使用自動(dòng)化工具、抓取系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)的配置項(xiàng)。將抓取到的實(shí)際值和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值進(jìn)行對(duì)比，將不符合的項(xiàng)顯示出來，最終以報(bào)告 的形式體現(xiàn)出掃描結(jié)果有的工具將配置采集和配置對(duì)比分開，通過自動(dòng)化腳本采集配置后再通過特別的軟件轉(zhuǎn)換為適合人類閱讀的文檔

3.基線加固自動(dòng)化腳本的編寫 本篇文章主要是記錄和學(xué)習(xí)安全加固腳本，首先放幾張安全加固shell腳本的命令語法：

基本命令語法介紹完了，借用網(wǎng)上的腳本來學(xué)習(xí)：

在執(zhí)行腳本前需要提前做好備份：

#!/bin/bash
cp?/etc/login.defs?/etc/login.defs.bak
cp?/etc/security/limits.conf?/etc/security/limits.conf.bak
cp?/etc/pam.d/su??/etc/pam.d/su.bak
cp?/etc/profile?/etc/profile.bak
cp?/etc/issue.net?/etc/issue.net.bak
cp?/etc/shadow?/etc/shadow.bak
cp?/etc/passwd?/etc/passwd.bak
cp?/etc/pam.d/passwd??/etc/pam.d/passwd.bak
cp?/etc/pam.d/common-password?/etc/pam.d/common-password.bak
cp?/etc/host.conf?/etc/host.conf.bak
cp?/etc/hosts.allow?/etc/hosts.allow.bak
cp?/etc/ntp.conf?/etc/ntp.conf.bak
cp?-p?/etc/sysctl.conf?/etc/sysctl.conf.bak
echo?"============備份完成==================

檢查是否設(shè)置口令更改最小間隔天數(shù)

MINDAY=`cat?-n?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_MIN_DAYS|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$MINDAY's/.*PASS_MIN_DAYS.*/PASS_MIN_DAYS?6/'?/etc/login.defs
echo?"檢查口令更改最小間隔天數(shù)完成"

2.檢查是否設(shè)置口令過期前警告天數(shù)

WARNAGE=`cat?-n?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_WARN_AGE|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$WARNAGE's/.*PASS_WARN.*/PASS_WARN_AGE?30/'?/etc/login.defs
echo?"檢查口令過期前警告天數(shù)完成"

3.檢查口令生存周期

MAXDAY=`cat?-n?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_MAX_DAYS|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$MAXDAY's/.*PASS_MAX.*/PASS_MAX_DAYS?90/'?/etc/login.defs
echo?"檢查口令生存周期完成"

4.檢查口令最小長度

MINLEN=`cat?-n?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_MIN_LEN|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$MINDAY's/.*PASS_MIN_LEN.*/PASS_MIN_?LEN?6/'?/etc/login.defs
echo?"檢查口令最小長度"

5.檢查是否設(shè)置grub，lilo密碼

grub="/etc/menu.lst"
if?[?!?-x?"$grub"?];then
touch?"$grub"
echo?password=123456?>>?"$grub"
else?
echo?password=123456?>>?"$grub"
fi
lilo="/etc/lilo.conf"
if?[?!?-x?"$lilo"?];then
touch?"$lilo"
echo?password=123456?>>?"$lilo"
else
echo?password=123456?>>?"$lilo"
fi

6.檢查是否設(shè)置core

?

?

c=`cat?-n?/etc/security/limits.conf?|?grep?"#root"?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
d=`cat?-n?/etc/security/limits.conf?|?grep?"#root"?|?awk?'{print?$5}'`
sed?-i?''$c'?s/$d/0/g'?/etc/security/limits.conf
echo?"設(shè)置*?hard?core?0完成"
e=`cat?-n?/etc/security/limits.conf?|?grep?soft?|?grep?core?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
f=`cat?-n?/etc/security/limits.conf?|?grep?soft?|?grep?core?|?awk?'{print?$5}'`
sed?-i?''$e'?s/'$f'/0/g'?/etc/security/limits.conf
echo?"設(shè)置*?soft?core?0完成"

7.檢查系統(tǒng)是否禁用ctrl+alt+del組合

a=`cat?-n?/etc/control-alt-delete.conf|grep?-v?"#"?|?grep?/sbin/shutdown?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
if?[?-z?$a?];then
???echo?ok
else
???sed?-i?''$a'?s/^/#/'?/etc/control-alt-delete.conf
fi

8.檢查保留歷史記錄文件的大小與數(shù)量

echo?"HISTFILESIZE=5"?>>?/etc/profile
echo?"??檢查保留歷史命令的記錄文件大小完成"
echo?"HISTSIZE=5"?>>?/etc/profile
echo?"檢查保留歷史命令的條數(shù)完成"

9.檢查是否使用PAM認(rèn)證模塊禁止wheel組之外的用戶su為root

10.檢查是否刪除了/etc/issue.net文件

if?[?-f?/etc/issue.net?]
then
mv?/etc/issue.net?/etc/issue.net.bak
else
echo?"issue.net?文件不存在"
fi
if?[?-f?/etc/issue?]
then
mv?/etc/issue?/etc/issue.bak
else
echo?"issue?文件不存在"
fi

11.是否刪除與設(shè)備運(yùn)行，維護(hù)等工作無關(guān)的賬戶

12.檢查密碼重復(fù)使用次數(shù)限制

13.檢查是否配置賬戶認(rèn)證失敗次數(shù)限制

cd?/etc/pam.d
if?[?-f?system-auth?];then
cp?/etc/pam.d/system-auth??/etc
#num=`grep?-n?"md5"?/etc/system-auth?|?cut?-d?":"?-f?1`
#sed?-i?''$num'????r?s/$/?remember=5'?/etc/system-auth
kk=`cat?-n?/etc/system-auth?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?md5|awk?'{print?$1}'`
echo?$kk
version="password????sufficient????pam_unix.so?md5?shadow?nullok?try_first_pass?use_authtok?remember=500"
sed?-i?""$kk"c?$version"?/etc/system-auth
letter=`cat?-n?/etc/system-auth?|grep?password?|?grep?requisite?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$letter's/pam_cracklib.so/&?ucredit=-1?lcredit=-1?dcredit=-1?/'?/etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi

14.檢查是否配置關(guān)閉IP偽裝與綁定

snu=`cat?/etc/host.conf?|?awk?'{print?$2}'`
if?[?"$snu"?=?"on"?];?then
echo?"沒有關(guān)閉ip偽裝"
fi
sed?-i?'s/on/off/g'?/etc/host.conf
echo?"??關(guān)閉IP偽裝完成"

15.檢查/etc/hosts配置

if?[?-f?hosts.allow?];then
cp?/etc/hosts.allow?/etc/
echo?"allall"?>>?/etc/hosts.allow
echo?"sshdall"?>>?/etc/hosts.allow
fi
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?hosts.deny?];then
cp?/etc/hosts.deny?/etc/
echo?"all:all"?>>?/etc/hosts.deny
fi

16.檢查相關(guān)服務(wù)狀態(tài)

17.檢查重要文件是否存在suid和sgid權(quán)限

find?/usr/bin/chage?/usr/bin/gpasswd?/usr/bin/wall?/usr/bin/chfn?/usr/bin/chsh?/usr/bin/newgrp?/usr/bin/write?/usr/sbin/usernetctl?/usr/sbin/traceroute?/bin/mount?/bin/umount?/bin/ping?/sbin/netreport?-type?f?-perm?+6000?2>/dev/null?>file.txt
if?[?-s?file.txt?];?then
echo?" find。。這條命令有輸出"
for?i?in?`cat?file.txt`
do
chmod?755?$idoneelse
echo?"find 。。這條命令沒有輸出"
fi

18.其他

19.權(quán)限設(shè)置

chmod?644?/etc/passwd
chmod?644?/etc/group
chmod?400?/etc/shadow
#chmod?600?/etc/xinetd.conf
chmod?644?/etc/services
chmod?600?/etc/security
chmod?600?/etc/grub.conf
chmod?600?/boot/grub/grub.conf
chmod?600?/etc/lilo.conf
echo?"文件權(quán)限設(shè)置完成"

經(jīng)典綜合腳本鑒賞：

1、

echo?---------------開始--------------------
echo?---------------aboutkey----------------
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?login.defs?];then
cp?/etc/login.defs??/home/test1
MINDAY=`cat?-n?/home/test1/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_MIN_DAYS|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$MINDAY's/.*PASS_MIN_DAYS.*/PASS_MIN_DAYS?6/'?/home/test1/login.defs
WARNAGE=`cat?-n?/home/test1/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_WARN_AGE|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$WARNAGE's/.*PASS_WARN.*/PASS_WARN_AGE?30/'?/home/test1/login.defs
MAXDAY=`cat?-n?/home/test1/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_MAX_DAYS|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$MAXDAY's/.*PASS_MAX.*/PASS_MAX_DAYS?90/'?/home/test1/login.defs
MINLEN=`cat?-n?/home/test1/login.defs?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?PASS_MIN_LEN|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$MINDAY's/.*PASS_MIN_LEN.*/PASS_MIN_?LEN?6/'?/home/test1/login.defs
fi
echo?--------------------ok---------------------------
echo?-------------------stop?the?del------------------------
cd?/etc/init
if?[?-f?control-alt-delete.conf?];then
cp?/etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf?/home/test1
#delete=`grep?-n?"/sbin/shutdown?-r?now"?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf?|?cut?-d?":"?-f?1`
#sed?-i?''$delete'?r?s/^/#/'?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf
#cp?/etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf?/home/test1
#num1=`grep?-n?"/sbin/shutdown"?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf?|?cut?-d?""?-f?1`
#sed?-i?''$num'?r?s/^/#/'?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf
#a=`cat?-n?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf|grep?-v?"#"?|?grep?"/sbin/shutdown"?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
#text=`sed?-n?"$a"p?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf`
#sed?-i?''$a'c?#?'$text''?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf
a=`cat?-n?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf|grep?-v?"#"?|?grep?/sbin/shutdown?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
????if?[?-z?$a?];then
????echo?ok
????else
????sed?-i?''$a'?s/^/#/'?/home/test1/control-alt-delete.conf
????fi
fi
echo?---------------------ok---------------------------------------
echo?------------------------grub?and?lilo?key------------------------
grub="/home/test1/menu.lst"
if?[?!?-x?"$grub"?];then
touch?"$grub"
echo?password=123456?>>?"$grub"
else?
echo?password=123456?>>?"$grub"
fi
lilo="/home/test1/lilo.conf"
if?[?!?-x?"$lilo"?];then
touch?"$lilo"
echo?password=123456?>>?"$lilo"
else
echo?password=123456?>>?"$lilo"
fi
echo?---------------------ok--------------------------------------
echo?----------------------the?history?of?mouthpasswd------------------
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?profile?];then
cp?/etc/profile?/home/test1
#num=`sed?-n?/home/test1/profile?|?grep?HISTFILESIZE?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
?#/home/test1/profile?|?sed?$num'c?HISTFILESIZE=5'
echo?"HISTFILESIZE=5"?>>?/home/test1/profile
echo?"ulimit?-S?-c?unlimited"?>>?/home/test1/profile
fi
echo?-------------------------ok---------------------?
echo?------------------------issue-----------------
#issu="/etc/issue.net"
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?issue.net?];then
cp??issue.net??/home/test1/issue.net.bak
echo?ok
fi
echo?ok
if?[?-f?issue?];then
cp?issue?/home/test1/issue.bak
echo?ok
fi
echo?-----------------------allow/deny?ip-------------------
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?hosts.allow?];then
cp?/etc/hosts.allow?/home/test1
echo?"allall"?>>?/home/test1/hosts.allow
echo?"sshdall"?>>?/home/test1/hosts.allow
fi
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?hosts.deny?];then
cp?/etc/hosts.deny?/home/test1
echo?"all:all"?>>?/home/test1/hosts.deny
fi
echo?-----------------ok------------------------
#/etc/init.d/xinetd?restart
echo?-----------------------------core?dump-------------------
cd?/etc/security
if?[?-f?limits.conf?];then?
cp?/etc/security/limits.conf??/home/test1
echo?"*soft?core?0"?>>?/home/test1/limits.conf
echo?"*hard?core?0"?>>?/home/test1/limits.conf
fi
echo?--------------ok-------------------------
echo?----------------------------passwdrepeat---------------------
cd?/etc/pam.d
if?[?-f?system-auth?];then
cp?/etc/pam.d/system-auth??/home/test1
#num=`grep?-n?"md5"?/home/test1/system-auth?|?cut?-d?":"?-f?1`
#sed?-i?''$num'????r?s/$/?remember=5'?/home/test1/system-auth
kk=`cat?-n?/home/test1/system-auth?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?md5|awk?'{print?$1}'`
echo?$kk
version="password????sufficient????pam_unix.so?md5?shadow?nullok?try_first_pass?use_authtok?remember=500"
sed?-i?""$kk"c?$version"?/home/test1/system-auth
letter=`cat?-n?/home/test1/system-auth?|grep?password?|?grep?requisite?|?awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$letter's/pam_cracklib.so/&?ucredit=-1?lcredit=-1?dcredit=-1?/'?/etc/pam.d/system-auth
fi
echo?-----------------ok--------------------
echo?--------------------超出退出--------------
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?profile?];then
cp?/etc/profile?/home/test1
echo?"export?TMOUT=600"?>>?/home/test1/profile
fi
echo?------------------ok-------------------
echo?------------------權(quán)限-------------------
chmod?644?/etc/passwd
chmod?644?/etc/group
chmod?400?/etc/shadow
#chmod?600?/etc/xinetd.conf
chmod?644?/etc/services
chmod?600?/etc/security
chmod?600?/etc/grub.conf
chmod?600?/boot/grub/grub.conf
chmod?600?/etc/lilo.conf

echo?------------------unmask--------------------
cp?/etc/csh.cshrc?/home/test1
cp?/etc/csh.login?/home/test1
cp?/etc/bashrc?/home/test1
cp?/etc/profile?/home/test1
sed?-i?'11?s/.*umask.*/umask?077/'?/home/test1/csh.cshrc

sed?-i?'58?s/.*umask.*/umask?077/'?/home/test1/csh.login

sed?-i?'66?s/.*UMASK.*/UMASK?077/'?/home/test1/bashrc

sed?-i?'62s/.*umask.*/umask?077/'?/home/test1/profile
echo?--------------------before?login?banner-------------------
cd?/etc
if?[?-f?ssh_banner?];then
touch?/etc/ssh_banner
chown?bin:bin?/etc/ssh_banner
chmod?644?/etc/ssh_banner
echo?"Authorized?only.All?activity?will?be?monitored?and?reported"?>?/etc/ssh_banner
fi
echo?-----------------------ok----------------------------
echo?-------------------stop?root?ssh?login------------------
cp?/etc/pam.d/login?/home/test1
echo?"auth???required???pam_securetty.so"?>>?/home/test1/login
cp?/etc/ssh/sshd_config?/home/test1
echo?"Banner?/etc/ssh_banner"?>>?/home/test1/sshd_config
echo?"PermitRootLogin?no"?>>?/home/test1/sshd_config
service?sshd?restart
echo?-------------------------ok-------------------
echo?--------------------openssh----------------------------
openssh=`cat?-n?/home/test1/sshd_config?|?grep?-v?".*#.*"|?grep?Protocol?|awk?'{print?$1}'`
sed?-i?''$openssh's/.*Protocol.*/Protocol?2/'?/home/test1/sshd_config
echo?-------------ok---------------------------

2、

#!/bin/bash
read?key
echo?"警告：本腳本只是一個(gè)檢查的操作，未對(duì)服務(wù)器做任何修改，管理員可以根據(jù)此報(bào)告進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的設(shè)置。"
echo?---------------------------------------主機(jī)安全檢查-----------------------
echo?"系統(tǒng)版本"
uname?-a
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"本機(jī)的ip地址是："
ifconfig?|?grep?--color?"([0-9]{1,3}.){3}[0-9]{1,3}"
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
awk?-F":"?'{if($2!~/^!|^*/){print "("$1")"?"?是一個(gè)未被鎖定的賬戶，請(qǐng)管理員檢查是否需要鎖定它或者刪除它。"}}'?/etc/shadow
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
more?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-E?"PASS_MAX_DAYS"?|?grep?-v?"#"?|awk?-F'?'??'{if($2!=90){print "/etc/login.defs里面的"$1 "設(shè)置的是"$2"天，請(qǐng)管理員改成90天。"}}'
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
more?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-E?"PASS_MIN_LEN"?|?grep?-v?"#"?|awk?-F'?'??'{if($2!=6){print "/etc/login.defs里面的"$1 "設(shè)置的是"$2"個(gè)字符，請(qǐng)管理員改成6個(gè)字符。"}}'
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
more?/etc/login.defs?|?grep?-E?"PASS_WARN_AGE"?|?grep?-v?"#"?|awk?-F'?'??'{if($2!=10){print "/etc/login.defs里面的"$1 "設(shè)置的是"$2"天，請(qǐng)管理員將口令到期警告天數(shù)改成10天。"}}'
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
grep?TMOUT?/etc/profile?/etc/bashrc?>?/dev/null||?echo?"未設(shè)置登錄超時(shí)限制，請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)置之，設(shè)置方法：在/etc/profile或者/etc/bashrc里面添加TMOUT=600參數(shù)"
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
if?ps?-elf?|grep?xinet?|grep?-v?"grep?xinet";then
echo?"xinetd?服務(wù)正在運(yùn)行，請(qǐng)檢查是否可以把xinnetd服務(wù)關(guān)閉"
else
echo?"xinetd?服務(wù)未開啟"
fi
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看系統(tǒng)密碼文件修改時(shí)間"
ls?-ltr?/etc/passwd
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo??"查看是否開啟了ssh服務(wù)"
if?service?sshd?status?|?grep?-E?"listening?on|active?(running)";?then
echo?"SSH服務(wù)已開啟"
else
echo?"SSH服務(wù)未開啟"
fi
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看是否開啟了TELNET服務(wù)"
if?more?/etc/xinetd.d/telnetd?2>&1|grep?-E?"disable=no";?then
echo??"TELNET服務(wù)已開啟?"
else
echo??"TELNET服務(wù)未開啟?"
fi
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo??"查看系統(tǒng)SSH遠(yuǎn)程訪問設(shè)置策略(host.deny拒絕列表)"
if?more?/etc/hosts.deny?|?grep?-E?"sshd:?";more?/etc/hosts.deny?|?grep?-E?"sshd";?then
echo??"遠(yuǎn)程訪問策略已設(shè)置?"
else
echo??"遠(yuǎn)程訪問策略未設(shè)置?"
fi
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo??"查看系統(tǒng)SSH遠(yuǎn)程訪問設(shè)置策略(hosts.allow允許列表)"
if?more?/etc/hosts.allow?|?grep?-E?"sshd:?";more?/etc/hosts.allow?|?grep?-E?"sshd";?then
echo??"遠(yuǎn)程訪問策略已設(shè)置?"
else
echo??"遠(yuǎn)程訪問策略未設(shè)置?"
fi
echo?"當(dāng)hosts.allow和 host.deny相沖突時(shí)，以hosts.allow設(shè)置為準(zhǔn)。"
echo?-------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看shell是否設(shè)置超時(shí)鎖定策略"
if?more?/etc/profile?|?grep?-E?"TIMEOUT=?";?then
echo??"系統(tǒng)設(shè)置了超時(shí)鎖定策略?"
else
echo??"未設(shè)置超時(shí)鎖定策略?"
fi
echo?-------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看syslog日志審計(jì)服務(wù)是否開啟"
if?service?syslog?status?|?egrep?"?active?(running";then
echo?"syslog服務(wù)已開啟"
else
echo?"syslog服務(wù)未開啟，建議通過service?syslog?start開啟日志審計(jì)功能"
fi
echo?-------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看syslog日志是否開啟外發(fā)"
if?more?/etc/rsyslog.conf?|?egrep?"@....|@...|@..|*.*?@....|*.*?@...|*.*?@..";then
echo?"客戶端syslog日志已開啟外發(fā)"
else
echo?"客戶端syslog日志未開啟外發(fā)"
fi
echo?-------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看passwd文件中有哪些特權(quán)用戶"
awk?-F:?'$3==0?{print?$1}'?/etc/passwd
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看系統(tǒng)中是否存在空口令賬戶"
awk?-F:?'($2=="!!")?{print?$1}'?/etc/shadow
echo?"該結(jié)果不適用于Ubuntu系統(tǒng)"
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看系統(tǒng)中root用戶外連情況"
lsof?-u?root?|egrep?"ESTABLISHED|SYN_SENT|LISTENING"
echo?----------------------------狀態(tài)解釋------------------------------
echo?"ESTABLISHED的意思是建立連接。表示兩臺(tái)機(jī)器正在通信。"
echo?"LISTENING的"
echo?"SYN_SENT狀態(tài)表示請(qǐng)求連接"
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看系統(tǒng)中root用戶TCP連接情況"
lsof?-u?root?|egrep?"TCP"
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看系統(tǒng)中存在哪些非系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)用戶"
echo?"root“該值大于500為新創(chuàng)建用戶，小于或等于500為系統(tǒng)初始用戶”"
more?/etc/passwd?|awk?-F?":"?'{if($3>500){print "/etc/passwd里面的"$1 "的值為"$3"，請(qǐng)管理員確認(rèn)該賬戶是否正常。"}}'
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"檢查系統(tǒng)守護(hù)進(jìn)程"
more?/etc/xinetd.d/rsync?|?grep?-v?"^#"
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在入侵行為"
more?/var/log/secure?|grep?refused
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"-----------------------檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在PHP腳本后門---------------------"
if?find?/?-type?f?-name?*.php?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"mysql_query($query,?$dbconn)|專用網(wǎng)馬|udf.dll|class?PHPzip{|ZIP壓縮程序?荒野無燈修改版|$writabledb|AnonymousUserName|eval(|Root_CSS()|黑狼PHP木馬|eval(gzuncompress(base64_decode|if(empty($_SESSION|$shellname|$work_dir?|PHP木馬|Array("$filename"|?eval($_POST[|class?packdir|disk_total_space|wscript.shell|cmd.exe|shell.application|documents?and?settings|system32|serv-u|提權(quán)|phpspy|后門"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn?1>/dev/null?2>&1;then
echo?"檢測(cè)到PHP腳本后門"
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.php?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"mysql_query($query,?$dbconn)|專用網(wǎng)馬|udf.dll|class?PHPzip{|ZIP壓縮程序?荒野無燈修改版|$writabledb|AnonymousUserName|eval(|Root_CSS()|黑狼PHP木馬|eval(gzuncompress(base64_decode|if(empty($_SESSION|$shellname|$work_dir?|PHP木馬|Array("$filename"|?eval($_POST[|class?packdir|disk_total_space|wscript.shell|cmd.exe|shell.application|documents?and?settings|system32|serv-u|提權(quán)|phpspy|后門"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.php?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"mysql_query($query,?$dbconn)|專用網(wǎng)馬|udf.dll|class?PHPzip{|ZIP壓縮程序?荒野無燈修改版|$writabledb|AnonymousUserName|eval(|Root_CSS()|黑狼PHP木馬|eval(gzuncompress(base64_decode|if(empty($_SESSION|$shellname|$work_dir?|PHP木馬|Array("$filename"|?eval($_POST[|class?packdir|disk_total_space|wscript.shell|cmd.exe|shell.application|documents?and?settings|system32|serv-u|提權(quán)|phpspy|后門"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn?|awk?'{print?$2}'?|?xargs?-I{}?cp?{}?/tmp/
echo?"后門樣本已拷貝到/tmp/目錄"
else
echo?"未檢測(cè)到PHP腳本后門"
fi
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"-----------------------檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在JSP腳本后門---------------------"
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.jsp?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"InputStreamReader(this.is)|W_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE|strFileManag|getHostAddress|wscript.shell|gethostbyname|cmd.exe|documents?and?settings|system32|serv-u|提權(quán)|jspspy|后門"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn?2>&1
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.jsp?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"InputStreamReader(this.is)|W_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE|strFileManag|getHostAddress|wscript.shell|gethostbyname|cmd.exe|documents?and?settings|system32|serv-u|提權(quán)|jspspy|后門"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn|?awk?'{print?$2}'?|?xargs?-I{}?cp?{}?/tmp/??2>&1?
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"----------------------檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在HTML惡意代碼---------------------"
if?find?/?-type?f?-name?*.html?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"WriteData|svchost.exe|DropPath|wsh.Run|WindowBomb|a1.createInstance|CurrentVersion|myEncString|DropFileName|a?=?prototype;|204.351.440.495.232.315.444.550.64.330"?1>/dev/null?2>&1;then
echo?"發(fā)現(xiàn)HTML惡意代碼"
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.html?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"WriteData|svchost.exe|DropPath|wsh.Run|WindowBomb|a1.createInstance|CurrentVersion|myEncString|DropFileName|a?=?prototype;|204.351.440.495.232.315.444.550.64.330"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.html?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"WriteData|svchost.exe|DropPath|wsh.Run|WindowBomb|a1.createInstance|CurrentVersion|myEncString|DropFileName|a?=?prototype;|204.351.440.495.232.315.444.550.64.330"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn|?awk?'{print?$2}'?|?xargs?-I{}?cp?{}?/tmp/
echo?"后門樣本已拷貝到/tmp/目錄"
else
echo?"未檢測(cè)到HTML惡意代碼"
fi
echo?"----------------------檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在perl惡意程序----------------------"
if?find?/?-type?f?-name?*.pl?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"SHELLPASSWORD|shcmd|backdoor|setsockopt|IO::INET;"?1>/dev/null?2>&1;then
echo?"發(fā)現(xiàn)perl惡意程序"
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.pl?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"SHELLPASSWORD|shcmd|backdoor|setsockopt|IO::INET;"|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.pl?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"SHELLPASSWORD|shcmd|backdoor|setsockopt|IO::INET;"|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn|?awk?'{print?$2}'?|?xargs?-I{}?cp?{}?/tmp/
echo?"可疑樣本已拷貝到/tmp/目錄"
else
echo?"未檢測(cè)到perl惡意程序"
fi
echo?"----------------------檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在Python惡意程序----------------------"
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.py?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"execCmd|cat?/etc/issue|getAppProc|exploitdb"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn
find?/?-type?f?-name?*.py?|?xargs?egrep?-l?"execCmd|cat?/etc/issue|getAppProc|exploitdb"?|sort?-n|uniq?-c?|sort?-rn|?awk?'{print?$2}'?|?xargs?-I{}?cp?{}?/tmp/
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"-----------------------檢查系統(tǒng)是否存在惡意程序---------------------"
find?/?-type?f?-perm?-111??|xargs?egrep?"UpdateProcessER12CUpdateGatesE6C|CmdMsg.cpp|MiniHttpHelper.cpp|y4'r3?1uCky?k1d!|execve@@GLIBC_2.0|initfini.c|ptmalloc_unlock_all2|_IO_wide_data_2|system@@GLIBC_2.0|socket@@GLIBC_2.0|gettimeofday@@GLIBC_2.0|execl@@GLIBC_2.2.5|WwW.SoQoR.NeT|2.6.17-2.6.24.1.c|Local?Root?Exploit|close@@GLIBC_2.0|syscall(\__NR\_vmsplice,|Linux?vmsplice?Local?Root?Exploit|It?looks?like?the?exploit?failed|getting?root?shell"?2>/dev/null
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"檢查網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接和監(jiān)聽端口"
netstat?-an?
echo?"--------------------------路由表、網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接、接口信息--------------"
netstat?-rn?
echo?"------------------------查看網(wǎng)卡詳細(xì)信息--------------------------"
ifconfig?-a?
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看正常情況下登錄到本機(jī)的所有用戶的歷史記錄"
last
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"檢查系統(tǒng)中core文件是否開啟"
ulimit?-c
echo?"core是unix系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)核。當(dāng)你的程序出現(xiàn)內(nèi)存越界的時(shí)候,操作系統(tǒng)會(huì)中止你的進(jìn)程,并將當(dāng)前內(nèi)存狀態(tài)倒出到core文件中,以便進(jìn)一步分析，如果返回結(jié)果為0，則是關(guān)閉了此功能，系統(tǒng)不會(huì)生成core文件"
echo?------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"檢查系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵文件修改時(shí)間"
ls?-ltr?/bin/ls?/bin/login?/etc/passwd?/bin/ps?/usr/bin/top?/etc/shadow|awk?'{print "文件名："$8"??""最后修改時(shí)間："$6"?"$7}'
echo?"ls文件：是存儲(chǔ)ls命令的功能函數(shù)，被刪除以后，就無法執(zhí)行l(wèi)s命令，黑客可利用篡改ls文件來執(zhí)行后門或其他程序。
login文件：login是控制用戶登錄的文件，一旦被篡改或刪除，系統(tǒng)將無法切換用戶或登陸用戶
user/bin/passwd是一個(gè)命令，可以為用戶添加、更改密碼，但是，用戶的密碼并不保存在/etc/passwd當(dāng)中，而是保存在了/etc/shadow當(dāng)中
etc/passwd是一個(gè)文件，主要是保存用戶信息。
sbin/portmap是文件轉(zhuǎn)換服務(wù)，缺少該文件后，無法使用磁盤掛載、轉(zhuǎn)換類型等功能。
bin/ps 進(jìn)程查看命令功能支持文件，文件損壞或被更改后，無法正常使用ps命令。
usr/bin/top  top命令支持文件，是Linux下常用的性能分析工具,能夠?qū)崟r(shí)顯示系統(tǒng)中各個(gè)進(jìn)程的資源占用狀況。
etc/shadow shadow 是?/etc/passwd 的影子文件，密碼存放在該文件當(dāng)中，并且只有root用戶可讀。"
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"-------------------查看系統(tǒng)日志文件是否存在--------------------"
log=/var/log/syslog
log2=/var/log/messages
if?[?-e?"$log"?];?then
echo??"syslog日志文件存在！?"
else
echo??"/var/log/syslog日志文件不存在！?"
fi
if?[?-e?"$log2"?];?then
echo??"/var/log/messages日志文件存在！?"
else
echo??"/var/log/messages日志文件不存在！?"
fi
echo?--------------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"檢查系統(tǒng)文件完整性2(MD5檢查)"
echo?"該項(xiàng)會(huì)獲取部分關(guān)鍵文件的MD5值并入庫，默認(rèn)保存在/etc/md5db中"
echo?"如果第一次執(zhí)行，則會(huì)提示md5sum:?/sbin/portmap:?沒有那個(gè)文件或目錄"
echo?"第二次重復(fù)檢查時(shí)，則會(huì)對(duì)MD5DB中的MD5值進(jìn)行匹配，來判斷文件是否被更改過"
file="/etc/md5db"
if?[?-e?"$file"?];?then?md5sum?-c?/etc/md5db?2>&1;?
else?
md5sum?/etc/passwd?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/etc/shadow?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/etc/group?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/usr/bin/passwd?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/sbin/portmap>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/bin/login?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/bin/ls?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/bin/ps?>>/etc/md5db
md5sum?/usr/bin/top?>>/etc/md5db;
fi
echo?----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"------------------------主機(jī)性能檢查--------------------------------"
echo?"CPU檢查"
dmesg?|?grep?-i?cpu
echo?-----------------------------------------------------------------------
more?/proc/cpuinfo
echo?-----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"內(nèi)存狀態(tài)檢查"
vmstat?2?5
echo?-----------------------------------------------------------------------
more?/proc/meminfo
echo?-----------------------------------------------------------------------
free?-m
echo?-----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"文件系統(tǒng)使用情況"
df?-h
echo?-----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"網(wǎng)卡使用情況"
lspci?-tv
echo?----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"查看僵尸進(jìn)程"
ps?-ef?|?grep?zombie
echo?----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"耗CPU最多的進(jìn)程"
ps?auxf?|sort?-nr?-k?3?|head?-5
echo?----------------------------------------------------------------------
echo?"耗內(nèi)存最多的進(jìn)程"
ps?auxf?|sort?-nr?-k?4?|head?-5

編輯：黃飛

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