全承載式大客車車身結(jié)構(gòu)多目標優(yōu)化

建立了全承載式大客車車身骨架的有限元模型，對車身骨架結(jié)構(gòu)進行了振動模態(tài)和靜力學分析。然后對車身骨架結(jié)構(gòu)進行設(shè)計參數(shù)靈敏度分析，得出車身骨架扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度和一階扭轉(zhuǎn)頻率對各部件設(shè)計參數(shù)的靈敏度。在此基礎(chǔ)上，以車身骨架桿件厚度為設(shè)計變量，通過兩階段結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計，在整車骨架質(zhì)量增加很少的條件下，提高了整車結(jié)構(gòu)的扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度和一階扭轉(zhuǎn)頻率值;同時，一輪懸空工況下的整車結(jié)構(gòu)應力峰值明顯下降，應力分布更加均勻，整車骨架結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計更為合理。
關(guān)鍵詞:大客車;車身結(jié)構(gòu);有限元分析;優(yōu)化設(shè)計
[A bst rac t]Afiniteelementmodelforthebodyframeofintegralbusisbuiltandthevibartionmodalanalysis
andstaticanalysisare PerfOrmedonbodyframestructure.Thenlhesensitivitiesoftorsionalstifnessandfirst一order
torsionalvibrationfrequeneytodesi，paramete鄺ofbodyframeare obtainedbysensitivityanalysis.onthisbasis
twostagesofoptimizationdesi，are performedwiththesectionsizesofframebarsasdesignvariabIes.Asaresult，
thetorsionalstifnessandl吐ordertorsionalvibrationfrequencyareraisedwithonlysIightincreaseinframemass，In
addition，thepeakstressofthewholebodystructureintheconditionofonefrontwheelsuspendedis腳atlyreduced
withevenerstressdistributionandthedesignofwholebodyframestructuretendstobemorerational.
Ke yw or ds:bsu;bodystructure;FEA;oPitmaldesign